Use of the Supernatural in Shakespeares Macbeth Essays -- Macbeth ess

Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth In Shakespeare's play The Tragedy of Macbeth, Shakespeare uses an underlying motif of the supernatural to control the characters and add a new dimension to the play. Shakespeare uses a large motif of light vs. darkness throughout the play to present moral choices and religious ideas. When the play opens, there is thunder rolling around and the witches on stage. The thunder is symbolic of darkness and gives the audience the first impression that the play will not be ordinary. The witches who only appear in darkness, elements of the supernatural, are one of Shakespeare's classic ways of catching the audience's attention and of also setting the mood for the play. Another motif present in Macbeth is appearance vs. reality. In this motif, Shakespeare uses concepts that either hint at the character's delusion or that a supernatural force has taken over and controls what is real and what is not. An example of this is seen when Macbeth sees the dagger before him. The dagger could just be a hallucination or it could be a vision sent from the wi...

Rural Entreprneurship -One Key to Rural Revitalisation

Entrepreneurship can play an important role in rural development. â€Å"Entrepreneur means one who creates a product on his own account, who ever undertakes on his own an industrial/trading enterprise in which work men are employed†. If entrepreneurships really encouraged in rural area it would, of course, be instrumental in changing the face of rural areas by solving the problems of unemployment, poverty, economic disparity, poor utilization of rural capacity, low level of standard of living. Authors: 1. Dr.Ratan Barman, Reader, Department of Commerce, Assam University (Diphu Campus) 2. Dipanjan Chakraborty, Senior Lecturer, Department Of commerce,Darrang College,tezpur Introduction ‘India lives in her villages’—- this axiom is still true today despite the service sector budding in the urban and semi urban areas. Majority of the population still lives in rural India and the large chunk of population in urban areas still live through the learning of a villa ge life. For the strength of the country there is a necessity to develop the villages. Development of a country is a choice loaded on its people, whether urban or rural.It is individuals who shape up a society and decide its progress and performance. Urban and rural are two sides of the same coin of economic development. While the urban sector has witnessed phenomenal growth and development, fuelled by the post independence era of industrialization, the rural sector saw little corporate growth. Rural development is more than ever before linked to entrepreneurship. Institutions and individuals promoting rural development now see entrepreneurship as a strategic development intervention that could accelerate the rural development process.Furthermore, institutions and individuals seem to agree on the urgent need to promote rural enterprises: development agencies see rural entrepreneurship as an enormous employment potential; politicians see it as the key strategy to prevent rural unrest ; farmers see it as an instrument for improving farm earnings; and women see it as an employment possibility near their homes which provides autonomy, independence and a reduced need for social support. To all these groups, however, entrepreneurship stands as a vehicle to improve the quality of life for individuals, families and communities and to sustain a healthy economy and environment.Rural industrialization is important not only as a means of generating employment opportunities in the rural areas with low capital cost and raising the real income of the people, but also because it contributes to the development of agriculture and urban industries. In the absence of rural industrialization, it would not be easy to solve the problem of unemployment in rural areas. The entrepreneurial orientation to rural development accepts entrepreneurship as the central force of economic growth and development, without it other factors of development will be wasted or frittered away.However, the acceptance of entrepreneurship as a central development force by itself will not lead to rural development and the advancement of rural enterprises. What is needed in addition is an environment enabling entrepreneurship in rural areas. The existence of such an environment largely depends on policies promoting rural entrepreneurship. The effectiveness of such policies in turn depends on a conceptual framework about entrepreneurship, i. e. , what it is and where it comes from. Concept of Entrepreneurship and Entrepreneur The terms ‘entrepreneurship’ and ‘entrepreneur’ are not new to the Indian economy.Often these two terms are considered synonymous and used interchangeably. But conceptually both the terms are different. The relationship between the two is just like the two sides of the same coin. The understanding of the concept of entrepreneurship owes a lot to the work of economist Joseph Schumpeter and the Austrian School of economics. According to Schump eter (1950),’ and entrepreneur is a person who is willing and able to convert a new idea or invention in to a successful innovation. † Entrepreneurship forces â€Å"creative destruction† across markets and industries, simultaneously creating new products and business models and liminating others. In this way, creative destruction is largely responsible for the dynamism of industries and long-run economic growth. The entrepreneur is the kind of persons that is willing to put his career and financial security on the line for an idea, spending his time and capital in an uncertain venture. Entrepreneurship as a stabilizing force limits entrepreneurship to reading markets disequilibria, while entrepreneurship defined as owning and operating a business, denies the possibility of entrepreneurial behaviour by non-owners, employees and managers who have no equity stake in the business.Therefore, the most appropriate definition of entrepreneurship that would fit into the r ural development context, argued here, is the broader one, the one which defines entrepreneurship as: â€Å"a force that mobilizes other resources to meet unmet market demand†, â€Å"the ability to create and build something from practically nothing†, â€Å"the process of creating value by pulling together a unique package of resources to exploit an opportunity†2. Concept of Rural entrepreneurship Many examples of successful rural entrepreneurship can already be found in literature.Rural entrepreneurship can be defined as entrepreneurship emerging at village level which can take place in a variety of fields of endeavour such as business, industry, agriculture and acts as a potent factor for economic development, In short, rural entrepreneurship implies rural industrialization consisting mainly of agro-based industries, Khadi and village industries and cottage industries. The promotion of rural entrepreneurship is vital in the context of generating gainful employ ment and minimizing the widening of disparities between rural and urban population.About 75% of the population who lives in villages has to utilize the village resources and they are plentifully available and people are not utilizing it effectively due to mass illiteracy. The risk aversion people can be transformed in to risk taking innovative entrepreneurs by proper training. Rural entrepreneurship not only concentrates on enhancement of products by use of local force or by artisans but also has significant environmental and social impact by developing eco friendly and appropriate olution to local problems China represents a unique example of rural entrepreneurial development with prima facie importance to the use of local resources, such as natural resources, human resources and material resources for local economic, social and cultural development and for running within the local area the surpluses so generated and at the same time effectively integrating rural development with m odernization the urban sector. China’s successful rural development through less dogmatic and down-to-earth approach to rural industrialization is really worth emulating for our country.Dynamic rural entrepreneurs can also be found. They are expanding their activities and markets and they find new markets for their products and services beyond the local boundaries. Role of Entrepreneurship in Rural development For rapid development, rural industrialization is must. But rural industrialization requires development of rural areas.. According to the Government of India, any industry located in rural area, village or town with population of 20,000 or less and an investment of Rs. crore in Plant and machinery is treated is rural industry. Rural or village industry is classified in to the following categories: †¢ Mineral based industry †¢ Forest based industry †¢ Agro based and food industry †¢ Polymer and chemical industry †¢ Engineering and non-convention al energy †¢ Textile industry †¢ Service industry Objectives of entrepreneurship in Rural Development †¢ To reduce disparities in income between rural and urban areas †¢ To promote balanced regional development To pressure the age-old rich heritage of the country †¢ To control migration of population from rural to urban area and thus helps in checking haphazard growth of cities and slums †¢ To help in reducing social tension and pollution Rural Entrepreneurship as a policy Tool to Achieve Rural Development Before independence, rural industrialization and hence rural entrepreneurship did not get any emphasis. The British Government gave importance to imports and neglected the development of Indian industries.In order to achieve rural development, after independence, the government of India used rural entrepreneurship as a policy tool. It has been clearly reflected in various five year plans and industrial policies. 1) Production in Khadi & Village indust ries sector was Rs 4,519 croes in the year 1997-98 and by the end of the year 2006-07, it is expected to increase up to Rs. 13,250croes i. e. in the span of 9 years it is expected to rise by almost 3 times. 2) Employment in KVI sector was 6. 65 million in the year 1997-98 and it is expected to increase up to 9. 5million by the end of year. Problems faced by entrepreneurs of rural areas †¢ Lack of finance-Modern entrepreneurship is a costly affair which needs abundant credit facilities. But in undeveloped countries, there is always scarcity of such credit facilities †¢ Lack of technical know-how-On account of faulty education system youth lack professional, managerial and technical knowledge which is an impediment in developing the spirit of enterprise, consequently not many people come forward to establish self-employment units. Absence of Enterprising skill- Most of the rural people in India lack risk bearing ability. Reluctance to involve oneself in business, inclination towards wage employment, lack of creative thinking are few reasons which have restricted the growth of self-employment in rural area. †¢ Lack of Infrastructure-On account of lack of infrastructural facilities viz, transport, water, electricity, market, storage and communication etc, entrepreneurs are shying away from establishing industries in villages. Industries which are already established are also facing similar problems. Adverse, social, cultural and Industrial environment-Caste systems, social evils, fatalism, religious superstitions, particularly in the countryside, do not allow development of adventurous spirit. Lack of skill and expertise in labourers, their tendency to migrate to big cities and consumer’s habit to buy goods produced by big companies create many problems for new entrepreneurs. †¢ Lack of awareness about quality control-It is true that of awareness hinders rural entrepreneurship. There are number of factors responsible for the lack of awar eness among rural folk.Illiteracy, ignorance, lack of proper propaganda by agencies, corruption among government functionaries etc are some of the factors responsible for this problem. †¢ Lack of market information due to poor communication facility- The absence of effective communication and access to right information makes it difficult for rural entrepreneurs to understand market trends and policies followed by the government on industrialization. Rural Development through Rural Entrepreneurship To achieve rural development through rural entrepreneurship,† The support infrastructure† given by Bill Bolton & John Thompson should be implemented given below.The support infrastructure | | People | Ideas | The Enterprise | |Sector |Education and |Research and |Property |Finance |Supply |Business support |Community | | |Training |Development | | | | |development | |Facility |School, |Industry, |Business |Seed and |Sub |Government |Housing, | | |College |University |Incu bator; |venture |contractors; |Agencies; |Schools, | | |University; |Garage |Innovation |capital |Labour |Clubs and |Hospitals, | | |Training | |centre | |pool |Associations, |Recreation, | | |Facility; | |Science | | |Consultants |Transport | | |Entrepreneur | |Technology | | |And business |Tele commu | | | | |Business | | |advices |nications | | |school | |parks | | | | | | | | | | | | | |Activity |Courses of |Technology |Premises |Equity& | Staff |Training advice |Amenity | | |programmes |transfer |and support |Loans |& Suppliers |and networking |provision | Source: Entrepreneurs by Bill Bolton & John Thompson Conclusion On the basis of analysis and role of rural entrepreneurship for rural development, we can conclude that rural entrepreneurship and rural development are two sides of the same coin. A part from Government policy, there is an urgent need to create conducive environment in rural areas so that rural entrepreneurship should flourish. Suggestions The following suggesti ons can be put forwarded for the protection and enhancement of demand potentiality leading to fertile ground for entrepreneurship.Entrepreneurship would be conducive for rural capacity utilization and development and solving rural problems like, unemployment, poverty, low level standard of living etc. ? Formulation of a registered trade union, under the guidance of appropriate Government, at village level-The role of such a trade union should be to protect and promote the interest of labours in the village. It will lead to enhance their bargaining power, thereby more earnings. Labour concessions will be instrumental in changing the face of rural areas. ? Formation of village development council, under the guidance of appropriate Government, at the village level . This council should lead in forming and propagating about negative impacts of drain of rural demand, rural resources to urban area.Consciousness should be created about the fulfillment of rural demand by rural supplier livi ng in the same village. It means trading should be promoted in the villages. Positive impact of divion of work. Divion of work will lead specialization, better capacity utilization, assurance of definite market and enough earning to meet family needs. The positive and negative impacts of migration of people from rural area to urban area. It is good in the sense that it is going to provide employment to rural people in urban area. But the negative part of the process is that commit their funds in urban area. These migrated people should be encouraged and motivated to finally stay in village.They should spend their money in rural areas. It would lead to enhancement in rural demand and rural development. Such a village development council will be forum where issues relating development will be discussed and opinions will be floated among the people for course of action. ? Formation of Rural entrepreneurship Development Bank of India, on the line of Industrial Development bank of India, is essential to promote entrepreneurship in the rural areas. It role would be to make available finance, knlwledge, technical expertise, managerial advice, help in marketing, string etc. it has to take case from beginning to end. Even its role would be to come up with plans.The is need to promote urban culture in rural area in respect of consumption, entertainment, education, spending, standard of livingrationality,etc. to promote economic activities. Rural-Urban interaction, T. V, Radio, Mobile, Road etc, are promoting urban culture in rural areas. ? State Government must invest in more for development of rural entrepreneurship ? All latest technology of the globe is to be disseminated to all rural areas by Government through Toll free number ? Appointment of SSI ombudsman and having one stop centre for needs of rural entrepreneurs to be established. ? There is necessary to promote education and skill necessary for entrepreneurship ?

I Broke Up With My Boyfriend - 1390 Words

Lazarus ONWUASOANYA Ms. Nguyen English 1301 September 17, 2016 I BROKE UP WITH MY EX-GIRLFRIEND CHIOMA. Why I broke up with my ex- girlfriend Chioma, who was in the same school, Owerri high school with my immediate younger sister Precious. I broke up with Chioma my ex-girlfriend because I have been cheated so many times and I have been giving her time to see if she will stop cheating on me but she never stopped. The problem of cheating is that most ladies, especially my ex- girlfriend my uncle’s wife aren t too gallant at it. I got to know how she was cheating on me with my best friend Charles, who was in the same University of Lagos with me but she never realized that I was also cheating on her with one of the girls staying with my grandparents in the city called Maryland in Lagos but I was very smart and never that her the opportunity to suspect that something was going on behind her back. I caught her through social media; where she wrote something on my friends face book page, because she thought I wasn’t on Facebook then that there is no way I will got to know what she is doing on Facebook. But she forgot that when we started dating newly, she was not hiding anything from me, the second night she came to my house, she gave me her Facebook password and I still have it. It’s very pitiful and funny way to catch a woman cheating on you. The time I caught her, we have been together for more than one year. The first time we went out it lasted about four months, andShow MoreRelatedBreaking a Social Norm Essay863 Words   |  4 Pagessociety today us as people decide what is normal and abnormal. I surveyed five people and asked them two questions of what they thought was normal and abnormal. The first question was â€Å"Do you think dressing weird out in the public eye is normal†? There response were â€Å"No, because everybody does that anyway.† My next question was, â€Å"Does being rude to an elder normal?† There response was â€Å" No, you have to give respect to older people.† Well, I did this survey to get an idea on what people thought of whatRead MoreThe Teachings Of Adversity : What Do You Think About Adversity?919 Words   |  4 Pageslearning lesson? I believe there is a lot of confusion when it comes to adversity. There are times when we want to fall to our knees because we feel so helpless to the situations taken place. In other times we feel the need to fight back and want more out of what has taken place. Everyone is different and there is no right or wrong way to handle the obstacles that this crazy life throws at us. In January of 2013, I lost the one best friend I had ever had to a terrible disease. My Nana was diagnosedRead MoreMy Behaviors And The Aspects Of My Life That Have Influenced Those Behaviors956 Words   |  4 Pagessemester, I have had the opportunity to analyze my behaviors and the aspects of my life that have influenced those behaviors. There were several events that happened this semester that enabled me focus on myself. The break up with my ex-boyfriend allowed me to focus on myself and cope with my past experiences. I also was able to work on my self-confidence and find a small level of comfort talking in front of people. One major event that happened this semester, was the breaking up with my ex-boyfriendRead MoreBreaking Up Is Hard To Do Essay563 Words   |  3 Pageswith anyone a person must be conscious about later consequences. Breaking up with a boyfriend is hard and many people do not have the bravery to do so. The best suited way to break up with a boyfriend is to make up your mind, arrange a time when you can talk things over with your boyfriend, confess what you feel, and find another way to be happy. Making up your mind is the first real step in breaking up with a boyfriend. As the girlfriend, and the one unsure about the relationship, you need toRead MoreIt Was My Fault?862 Words   |  4 PagesIt was my fault. This time I had lied my way into bed. I needed one last fix, one last high and I couldn’t resist the urge. His name was Max and he was a sex buddy that I met at work. I knew I was going to have sex with him when he walked into the stadium where we worked. I was captivated by his adorable naivety. I knew it was a terrible idea to have sex with a co-worker, but I couldn’t stop thinking of how I would take his innocence. I coerced him into sex and walked off with his virginity. MaxRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem Barn Burning 1617 Words   |  7 Pagesrich, mysterious boyfriend. The narrator met a woman and sometimes had a meal with her. They were not real friends; didn’t know each other very well. The woman went back to Japan with her rich boyfriend after staying in Thuis for three months. When three people had a small party, the boyfriend told the narrator he burned many barns in the past and would burn a barn near the narrator’s house. After investigation, the narrator didn’t find any barns disappeared, although the boyfriend told him he indeedRead MoreMy High School Experience Essay1101 Words   |  5 Pagesto experience everything that comes with being in high school, I mean who wouldn’t? Everyone says that high school is the best four years of your life. Now that I’m months away from graduating, I can’t say they were my best years but I can say they were my most educational years, of course I wouldn’t say that they weren’t fun because they were. When I say educational, I mean I’ve learned so much about myself and so much about life. I learned what the words family, love, betrayal, law and life meantRead MoreProcess Analysis: How To Get rid of a Roommate: Without Committing a Crime882 Words   |  4 PagesHow to Get Rid of a Roommate – Without Committing a Crime I came home exhausted from school and work and I just wanted to drop my bag on the ground and slump into bed. I stepped into my room and flipped on the lights; to my astonishment there was Cynthia a boy- in MY bed. â€Å"Cynthia!!† I snapped. She slowly opened her groggy eyes, as she gained awareness of the situation. â€Å"What are you doing? Why are you in my bed?† Her reply forced me to hold back the incredible hulk that’s lies within me. Read MoreLove, Loss, And Betrayal Essay1299 Words   |  6 Pagesand Betrayal I can feel myself slipping, falling into the dark abyss. My mind whirls as I listen to a cacophony of noise around me. Then I feel the frigid water envelope me and it stings like knives burrowing their way into my skin, piercing every inch of me. I try to breath, but the water clogs my throat and threatens to drown me. Then it all stops and I feel the sunlight filter through the icy water and brush my fingertips, as if it is telling me that I will be alright. This is what I felt like whenRead MoreLove, Loss, And Betrayal Essay1407 Words   |  6 PagesBetrayal I can feel myself slipping, falling into the dark abyss. My mind whirls as I listen to a cacophony of noise rush around me. Then I feel the frigid water envelope me and it stings like knives burrowing their way into my skin, piercing every inch of me. I try to breath but the water clogs my throat and threatens to drown me. Then it all stops and I feel the sunlight filter through the icy water and brush my fingertips. As if it is telling me that I will be alright. This is what I felt like

Cartesian Dualism and the Union of Mind and Body Essay

Cartesian Dualism and the Union of Mind and Body ABSTRACT: Cartesian dualism and the union of mind and body are often understood as conceptions that contradict each other. Diachronic interpretations maintain that Descartes was first a dualist (in the Meditations) and later on developed his stance on the union of mind and body (Passions). Some authors find here a problem without solution. Nevertheless, in the last two decades, some interpretations have been developed intending to give a positive solution to the difficult relation between Cartesian dualism and the union of mind and body. The problem that I find in most of them is that they try to show no incoherence between Descartes dualism and his conception of the union and†¦show more content†¦So, when he asserts the union between the human mind and body, some interpreters find that he presents a contradictory position. Others think that probably Descartes was not so radical in his dualism. In order to build a different interpretation about the Cartesian dualism and the union of mind and body, I have established two categories. I call diachronic interpretations those that maintain that Descartes was first a dualist (i.e., in the Meditations), and later on developed his stance on the union of mind and body (i.e., in the Passions). Against diachronic perspectives, I propose a synchronic interpretation under which I maintain that Cartesian dualism and the union of mind and body are simultaneously present all along Descartes works. (1) Through this category I try to accomplish my purpose in this paper, which is to show that there is coherence and intelligibility in Descartes conceptions of dualism and union. Redefinition of the Problem under a Synchronic Interpretation When Princess Elisabeth questioned Descartes on the possibility of interaction between heterogeneous substances [AT III 661]., he answered recognizing that through his works, he had not said much about the union of mind and body. In his letter [21-05-1643] Descartes justifies this saying he had been primarily focused in the demonstration of the distinction between mind and body. Descartes himself recognized the uneven development of his doctrine on dualism and hisShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of The Mind Body Dualism1232 Words   |  5 Pagesscholastic Aristotelianism and created the first version of the modern mind-body dualism or emotion† (Encyclopedia Britannica). Born on March 31, 1596, he was dubbed as the Father of Modern Philosophy. His theory on the mind-body dualism, also known as Cartesian Dualism, created a stem of the modern problem of the relationship between the mind and body. He created the early version to further explain the interaction of the mind and body, to create a firm foundation that can be explained through scienceRead MoreAnalysis Of Elisabeth s Criticism Of Descartes Mind Body Dualism1398 Words   |  6 PagesElisabeth’s Criticism of Descartes’ Mind-Body Dualism Renà © Descartes’ seventeenth century philosophy receives much of the credit for the basis of modern philosophy, specifically his argument that the body and the mind are completely separate substances, each with its own independence from the other, also known as dualism. Descartes was educated in the Aristotelian and Greek tradition, and those ideas influenced his dualist thought. In Meditations, Descartes focused on dualism in the context of human consciousnessRead MoreEssay about Descartes’ Argument from Divisibility1683 Words   |  7 Pagesfrom Divisibility Works Cited Missing Reneà ¬ Descartes’ treatise on dualism, his Meditations on First Philosophy, is a seminal work in Western intellectual history, outlining his theory of the mind and its relation to the rest of the world. The main argument running through the Meditations leads from his universal methodic doubt through his famous cogito, to proofs of dualism, God, and the world. The Cartesian dualism is one of the most influential ideas to come out of the work; the style ofRead MorePhilosophy: Descartes Views on the Differentiation Between the Mind and the Body 897 Words   |  4 Pagesthe differentiation between the mind and the body has given rise to much thought regarding the interaction between these supposedly distinct substances. Through examining correlations between Princess Elizabeth of Bohemia it is evident that Descartes himself struggled to plausibly identify the interaction among the mental and material in relation to causation. This essay will investigate Elizabeth’s quir es into the causational relationship between the mind and body by explaining and investigatingRead MoreLife After Death By Bertrand Russell Essay1389 Words   |  6 Pagesthen one s mind ceases, as well. If you survive death, then your mind must survive. But, brain functioning ceases with death. Therefore, you will not survive death (Zelinski â€Å"On†). The argument is valid but some question whether it is sound. Russell s argument is sound because the third premise, if one’s brain ceases to function, then one’s mind ceases to function, is true; the fifth premise, brain functioning ceases with death, is also true; that all leads to the conclusion, your mind will not surviveRead MoreEssay on The Philosophy of Cognitive Science2158 Words   |  9 PagesThe Philosophy of Cognitive Science Psychophysical dualism — the distinction between mind and body — is the counterposition between essentially irreducible elements: the mind and body. Such a dualism implies the main ontological problem of the philosophy of cognitive science and philosophy of mind: the mind-body problem (MBP). The dualism and the referred-to problem has been insistently discussed in the philosophical tradition and several solutions have been proposed. Such solutions are properlyRead MoreLanguage and the Destiny of Man12402 Words   |  50 PagesÅžtefan Afloroaei / Descartes and the â€Å"metaphysical dualism† Descartes and the â€Å"metaphysical dualism†: Excesses in interpreting a classic* Al.I. Cuza University of Iasi Abstract The article focuses on one of the most serious accusations brought against Descartes and modern philosophy, namely â€Å"the dualism of substance†. The accusers claim that the human body and soul were viewed as completely separate; consequently, their relationship as such and the united being of man become incomprehensible. AsRead MoreDescartes Meditations On First Philosophy Essay1485 Words   |  6 Pageshis own mind and existence by putting all of his beliefs up for questioning in order to determine what can be certain and what can be doubted. He realized that he was able to doubt if he had a body in instances of dreaming or of illusions. But, he was unable to doubt the fact that he had a mind because the mind is the â€Å"the thinking thing† that processes all the doubts of his existence. Descartes’ mechanism into figuring out the truth is to doubt everything. Descartes argues that the mind and theRead MoreWhat Advantages Does Spinoza’s Subs tance Monism Have over Descartes’ Dualism?3467 Words   |  14 PagesDescartes’ dualism. Through works such as the Ethics, Spinoza seeks to address the main flaws in Descartes’ philosophy. These flaws included but were by no means limited to, proof for the existence of God and the interaction between mind and body. This essay will highlight the advantages of Spinoza’s monism over Descartes’ dualism by looking at Spinoza’s response to these issues. First, in order to consider the advantages of Spinoza’s substance monism over Descartes’ dualism it is necessaryRead MoreRene Descartes: Cartesian Dualism Essay example1625 Words   |  7 PagesDescartian dualism is one of the most long lasting legacies of Rene Descartes’ philosophy. He argues that the mind and body operate as separate entities able to exist without one another. That is, the mind is a thinking, non-extended entity and the body is non-thinking and extended. His belief elicited a debate over the nature of the mind and body that has spanned centuries, a debate that is still vociferously argued today. In this essay, I will try and tackle Descartes claim and come to some conclusion

Caribbean Internet Cafe - 795 Words

1 Caribbean Internet Cafà © Performance Management and Control, ACC 287.5 David E. Platt, Ph.D. Caribbean Internet Cafà © Primary Case-Study Objectives 2 ï  µ ï  µ ï  µ Observe the diversity of business measurement issues. Introduce fundamental costing issues. Identify strategic and non-financial issues that are critical for decision making. Caribbean Internet Cafà © Cost Summary 3 ï  µ Here is a listing of costs to be incurred (pg. 3-4). How can we organize this data in a useful way? Equipment Waiter-tutors Manager Building lease Utilities Utility deposit Internet link Internet service Insurance Advertising, mktg, promo Pre-opening advertising Other up-front costs Miscellaneous admin/main Usage Qty Unit from Exhibit 1 180 hrs/wk 1 per month 1†¦show more content†¦Jamaica $ One-Time Costs Utility deposit Pre-opening advertising Other up-front costs Total Least Most ï  µ J$ J$ 7,000 20,000 120,000 147,000 Fixed Costs Waiter-tutors J$ Advertising, mktg, promo J$ Miscellaneous admin/main J$ Utilities J$ Insurance J$ Manager J$ Internet link J$ Building lease J$ * Loan interest J$ 40 10,000 50,000 15,000 10,000 40,000 10,000 30,000 1,250,000 Cost Unit per hour (x 180 x 52) per month per month per month per month per month per month per month at 10% concessionary rate What about investment in equipment? Annualized J$ J$ J$ J$ J$ J$ J$ J$ J$ 374,400 120,000 600,000 180,000 120,000 480,000 120,000 360,000 125,000 Caribbean Internet Cafà © Fixed Costs 6 ï  µ Depreciation is annual fixed cost. Investment General equipment Hardware and software Furniture and artwork China and flowers Total (exhibit 1) J$ J$ Jamaica $ Fixed Costs Waiter-tutors Advertising, mktg, promo Miscellaneous admin/main Utilities Insurance Manager Internet link Building lease * Loan interest ** Depreciation Total J$40 J$10,000 J$50,000 J$15,000 J$10,000 J$40,000 J$10,000 J$30,000 J$1,250,000 Est d Life (yrs) 573,250 407,750 340,000 105,000 1,426,000 Annualized 5 J$ 3 10 2 J$ Cost Unit per hour (x 180 x 52) per month per month per month per month per month per month per month at 10% concessionary rate from above 114,650 135,917 34,000 52,500 337,067 Annualized 374,400 120,000 600,000 180,000 120,000 480,000 120,000 360,000 125,000Show MoreRelatedCaribbean Internet Cafe920 Words   |  4 PagesCase Summary of: Carribean Internet Cafà © 1. What managerial issues should David consider before starting Caribbean Internet Cafà ©? Managerial Issues: Broadly defined as all issues which have an impact on a business manager’s decision. In this case, David should consider: - Political, Economic, Social, Technological (PEST) issues analysis: (i) Political: Bureaucracy and corruption may potentially slow down the pace of enhancing the necessary infrastructure for internet accessibility and usageRead MoreEssay on Caribbean Internet Cafe633 Words   |  3 Pagesto start an internet cafà ©. 2. David is also planning to hire a manager with Jamaican restaurant experience to help him with the majority of his business activities; this could be an issue as he hasn’t found anyone yet. He isn’t considering the possibility that he will not be able to find someone to fill the position. 3. David also seems to have little business knowledge when it comes to pricing. He examined the market and found that the industry price was $90 per hour for internet service andRead MoreThe Marketing Mix Hard Rock Cafe1259 Words   |  6 Pagesand/or services are moved from the manufacturer/service provider to the user or consumer. It can include any physical store as well as virtual stores on the Internet. In our case the Hard Rock Cafà © operates in 38 countries throughout the globe. The Cafà ©Ã¢â‚¬â„¢s of the Hard Rock chain are located in: Hawai, North America, Mexico/Central America, Caribbean, South America, Europe, Middle East, Asia, Japan and Australia/Oceania. Hard Rock Hotels are located in the following cities throughout the world: Read MoreRoyal Caribbean Cruises, Ltd: Hbr Case Study1130 Words   |  5 PagesRoyal Caribbean Cruises, LTD: A Case Study 1. Using the Information Systems Triangle as a framework, evaluate the alignment of RCCLs business strategy, organizational strategy, and information systems strategy before Tom Murphy became CIO and then after Tom Murphy took over as CIO (up to 9/11/2001). Prior to Tom Murphys tenure as CIO, Royal Caribbean Cruises Lines (RCCLs) business strategies were not fully aligned with the organizational and IT strategies. Tom Murphy was instrumental in bringingRead MoreThe Leisure-Cruise Industry Porter Paper1329 Words   |  6 Pagessubstantial resources (Wheelen and Hunger pg 111). When taking into consideration ingoing a leisure cruise industry, assets is key obligation. In my opinion threat of new entrants is low because as stated from Cruise News â€Å"Just in one of the ships Royal Caribbean spent one billion dollars†. So companies must be finically stable and be knowledgeable to enter the leisure cruise industry. In addition, since 2009 government has made it a requirement for every passenger to have a passport or passport id whichRead MoreEthnography Study of Coffee House2553 Words   |  11 Pageshomogenization, polarization, and hybridization,† (Holton 2000). This essay seeks to lend credence to the hybridization thesi s, by observing a coffee house located in the developing country of Trinidad and Tobago (TT). Focusing on the aesthetics of the cafà © and the purchase behaviour of its customers, this essay intends to evaluate the attempt of this organisation to create a coffee culture in TT. This evaluation will then inform the argument of hybridization by demonstrating how cultures exchange elementsRead MoreCarribean Internet Cafe1263 Words   |  6 PagesAssignment #1: Caribbean Intern Cafà © Date: November 14, 2012 1. There are many issues that Mr. Grant should consider before proceeding with the CIC. There are several things that Mr. Grant should examine before even looking at the projections given to him. Total capital is $2,250,000, $1,000,000 in investments and $1,250,000 in the form of a long-term loan. $1,573,000 is immediately spent leaving $677,000. If he has no customers, he can afford to remain open for 3 months. As well, theyRead MoreAccounting Case Essay1930 Words   |  8 Pagesorders over the internet site. How should this affect the activity cost driver rates calculated in Question 2? How would the switch affect Dakota’s profitability? Caribbean Internet Cafà © 1. What managerial issues should David Grant consider before starting the Caribbean Internet Cafà ©? 2. Define the fixed, variable and start-up costs in this case. 3. What is the contribution margin per customer? 4 How many customer visits will CIC need in order for the cafà © to break-even inRead MoreRe Sba1648 Words   |  7 PagesLibrary to get information on three symbolisms in Rastafari via the internet which I stored on a flash drive. On the 3rd of October 2011 at about 2:30 pm, I gave out 12 questionnaires to the Rastafararians in my community. On the 5th of October 2011, I collected back the questionnaires at about 4:35 pm, from which I gathered additional information on the study. On the 10th of October 2011 at about 10:00 am, I went to an Internet Cafà © to get pictures and additional information about the symbolism whichRead Morecafes monte bianco case analysis4234 Words   |  17 PagesExam†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....20% CASE ANALYSIS Students will work on the cases in groups of three (preferably) or four. Each group will be required to submit written Case Analysis (five pages plus Exhibits) for each of the following cases: 1. Cafes Monte Bianco: Building a Profit Plan 2. Compagnie du Froid, S.A. In addition, groups will pick four of the remaining cases (except Birch Paper) that interest them for a short write-up (2-3 pages plus exhibits). Case write-ups should include

Philosophical And Historical Foundations Of American Politics Essay Example For Students

Philosophical And Historical Foundations Of American Politics Essay Word Count: 607The Founding Fathers views on government were influenced by both the classical republican and the natural rights philosophers. The two groups of philosophers held very different views on how a government should run. The classical republicans believed that the individual should sacrifice his or her personal freedoms in order to gain the greater good. The natural rights philosophers, on the other hand, held that a persons individual freedoms out to be preserved at all costs. The two greatest examples of historical precedent in republican government were the ancient Greek and Roman civilizations, which both gave the people a great deal of power in the government by allowing them a voice. The natural rights philosophers favored the Greeks, while most classical republicans admired the Romans. The theory of classical republicanism is that the best society is one that promotes the common good instead of individual interests. One of the ways that this is done is by limiting individual rights. This idea began in Rome in 509 after King Servius successor Tarquin the Proud behaved in such a tyrannical way that the outraged aristocracy ousted him. In response to the unspeakable treatment, the Romans changed the governments job. The elite proclaimed themselves the protectors of Rome against tyranny. This mindset became crucial to the ideology through which they justified their political supremacy. From this point on, there would be intense suspicion of any individual who tried to turn popular support into personal power. Numerous problems can arise in a society which emphasizes both individual rights and the common good because the two goals are often conflicting in nature. Everyone desires individual rights, but to protect the common good a social contract must be in effect. This means that some personal rights must be sacrificed for the good of the community. The natural rights philosophy considered the rights of the individual to be of primary importance, but classical republicans held that the communitys interests were more important. Classical republicans required that people care for each other in small communities, and shared similarities in finances and religion. This required an official religion and a single set of family standards had to be followed. Thus it was obvious that this would not work in America, since so many people had come here to escape their official religions and to seek economic opportunity. The classical republicans stressed the need for moral education and homogeneity in order to protect the interests of society. They believed that if society was homogenous, that there would be fewer problems. If a society did not have homogeneity, they feared that it would splinter in factions, which would oppose the common good in favor of self-interest. Classical republicans tried to avoid these differences in property, religion, and social interaction by establishing a standard, but were unsuccessful. Democracy is founded on a combination of the classical republican and natural rights philosophies. James Madison formed the combination, called democratic republicanism. It includes the liberty and equality for a democracy (natural rights) and the need for order, and checking the corrosive effects of inequality that were involved in classical republicanism. Philosophers such as Niccolo Machiavelli and B.F. Skinner have each contributed to the principal of social welfare. This is relevant to modern society through the actions of democracies around the world. Our government and others like it strive to promote the common good, while not limiting personal freedoms. Within all three branches of our government, be they judicial, legislative, or executive, we can see the enduring imprints of classical republicanism.

Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on Human Body - Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss about the Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on Human Body. Answer: Introduction Business ethics are the principles and standards which tell right conduct from wrong conduct in an business organisation(Ferrell Hirt, 2016). In this report, 5 cases of ethical dilemma are analysed to offer alternatives which can be considered ethical. Producing toys-Childs Play? Dilemma: By replacing the Portuguese supplier with the Thai manufacturer the project manager would be able to get the toys at a third of what the Portuguese supplier is charging. But after visiting the manufacturing facility you realize that no manufacturing facility exists instead a family including children were working in a garage to assemble the toys. Now the project manager is faced with the dilemma of making a decision to whether continue with the Portuguese suppliers and rule out the option of outsourcing the production to Thai manufacturer, where poor working condition and child labour are prominent, or to believe the Thai partner and go ahead with the supply contract in order to save costs. Alternatives: According to the consequentialist theory of ethics results of the act or rule determine whether the rule or act is right or wrong. The underlying principle is to choose the action which creates maximum good for maximum number of people(BBC, 2014). One alternative for project manager is to outsource the toys assembly to Thai manufacturer. This will result in cost minimization for the confectionary company and employment for people of Thailand. Another ethics theory called Deontological ethics suggests that some actions need to be taken because they are the right thing to do(Encyclopdia Britannica, 2017). In this case, it is one of the Project Managers duties to ensure that cost of production stays within the budget. Outsourcing of toys assembly will definitely bring down the cost of the product as a whole. But according to the rights theory of ethics rights established by society are given highest priority(Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics, 2005). But in case the Thai ma nufacturer is given the contract then there will be abuse of basic human rights. Project manager can either rule out the idea of outsourcing the assembly to Thailand or should make the Thai manufacturer follow a comprehensive code of conduct which would include norms regarding workplace, minimum wages and child labour. Failing to uphold the code of conduct would result in end of contract. Who cares whose shares? Dilemma: Regional marketing director of a chemical and pharmaceutical company is aware of the fact that, if the news of presence of a chemical with lethal side effects in a herbicide manufactured by the company, goes public the share prices will drop significantly. Now he has received a large share of his bonuses in the form of stocks and looking their performance regional marketing director has suggested his college friend Freddie, who in now an account manager at an investment bank, to invest in the stock as well and Freddie in turn has suggested his clients to do so as well. Now the regional marketing director is in dilemma regarding whether he should tell Freddie to sell his share as he is doing to avoid any losses or should he keep quiet as he has been instructed by the vice president and avoid any effects on share prices before the news is published. Alternatives: In this case, following facts are available: 1) Freddie is an old friend of Regional Marketing Manager who has invested in PCCs shares and has asked his clients to do the same; 2) Vice President has asked all senior managers to stay quiet about the findings of the study. According to Virtue ethics by practising virtuous qualities like honesty, generosity etc. a person will develop a moral character and this will help him/her to make ethical decisions(Cline, 2017). Marketing Director is aware that by Friday next week the share prices will definitely face impact due to publishing of the report and his friend Freddie will also get the news by his channels, which means that in next week Freddie will anyways sell off his shares and ask his clients to do the same. One option for Marketing director is to let Freddie know about the reports by his sources and remain quiet about it on Friday as his Vice president has instructed or he can let Freddie know about the reports and its repercussions so that Freddie does not lose his job. Dilemma: Human resource manager of AllCure Pharmaceuticals has to select between two shortlisted candidates to fill the vacancy at clinical trials team. In order to determine social skills HR manger went through the social media profiles of these two candidates. It can be deciphered from the content uploaded by the candidate with relevant work experience that she is too much into partying and possibly in illegal activities like consuming drugs on the other hand the social profile of the candidate with no relevant work experience suggested that she is sociable and well-travelled individual. Now the HR manager is faced by the decision to choose inexperienced but sociable or experienced but with somewhat outrageous social profile. Alternatives: It is clearly stated in the case that the candidate with relevant experience has uploaded some outrageous images of herself which also suggest that she is involved in illegal activities like consumption of drugs. Social media profiles are like interviews and there are chances that if the recruiter doesnt liked the profile the person might not be good to work with as well(Hill, 2012). This particular candidate if hired will be expected to have meticulous work attitude as the nature of the work is sensitive, someone who is clearly into alcohol and drugs may have concentration issues(White, 2017). In such a scenario one option is to cross check with the previous employer about the candidate or to recruit the other candidate and fill the position. Organic Food-What is an organic Label really worth? Given the increased awareness about the organic food consumers today do not hesitate in paying premium prices to buy organic food products. But the ethical issues arise when consumers are poorly informed about what exactly the organic label might mean. For example in the US the word organic can be used for the products which contain upto 95% of organic ingredients, the rest 5% can include chemicals for flavour enhancing, colouring or thickening. Many organisations like the American retailer Target was nabbed for falsely marketing its soymilk as organic. Similarly German authorities identified more than 200 farms which were selling their non-organic eggs as premium priced organic eggs. China has been exporting its organic products in international markets but its credibility is also questionable. Apart from certification issues there is another environmental issue related to organic farming. As it takes almost two and a half times the land to produce organic food in large quantity fam ers in developing countries tend to burning forests to convert them in farms, which results in emission of carbon dioxide and danger to wildlife. Alternatives: Consumer Rights are body of law that relates to things producers of goods and services should do to avoid any harm to customers(HG.org, 2018). Being ethical with consumers is the most important aspect of Business ethics. Violation of consumers rights can damage public relation of the corporation(Crane Matten, 2014). In this case in the consumers are being charged more for products labelled as Organic when they are actually not. This is happening majorly because of lack of knowledge in consumers and secondly because of products being imported from countries with poor legislations for food certification. USDA has created a new database of organic food growers and some pesticides and herbicides, considered organic, will be considered non acceptable(Wells, 2015). Todays organisations operate in an open and digital world where authenticity is key to success, in order to meet the growing demand of ethical behaviour by consumers it is a good idea for organisations to be open in their opera tions(Baker, 2015). A new Spin on responsible sourcing? Uzbekistan is one of the five countries dominating cotton exports. Due to lack of technology almost 90% of cotton is harvested by hand in Uzbekistan. In order to meet the demand children are forced to labour in felids during harvesting season. In 2005, labour conditions at Uzbekistan were exposed in a report Environmental Justice foundation. However, initial response from business community was that they cannot possibly boycott cotton from Uzbekistan as it is very difficult to trace the origin of raw materials used to produce a piece of clothing. But, as the pressure built many companies decided to boycott Uzbek Cotton. As a response Uzbekistan signed ILO convention, committing to stop child labour and developing an action plan meet its commitments. But in 2010, a study done by University of London revealed the existence of forced child labour in Uzbekistan. Boycott by western manufacturers intensified and some progress in situation were witnessed but Uzbekistan started to export its produce to countries which were not concerned much about the labour practices. Alternatives: As it has been mentioned by various manufacturers that it is impossible for them to completely boycott Uzbekistan cotton firstly because to produce a piece of cloth cotton from various sources is used and secondly there is more than one way by which Uzbekistan cotton can enter supply chain. Here ethics of duty play a major role. Uzbekistani governments action of forcibly employing children on cotton field cannot be justified by the revenue they generate from export(BBC, 2014). This has raised questions regarding the ethics of suppliers. This is done majorly in Asian countries where western companies outsource much of their production like Bangladesh, Thailand etc. But some companies have undertaken implementation of supply chain traceability(Ethical Consumer, 2015). International community can play an important role in persuading the Uzbekistan government to follow strict child labour policies, where the age of working population is clearly defined and to encourage use of technology for cotton harvesting. Finally, Government and Corporates should set up the code of ethics in order to highlight the consequences of human rights violation, like loss of business both for government and corporates. Conclusion It can be concluded that no business activity falls out of the preview of ethics. Whether it is Outsourcing, recruitment, shareholders, suppliers or consumers every aspect of business decision is influenced by ethics. In order to build a reputation of trustworthy organisation all business decisions should be based on ethics. Bibliography Baker, J., 2015. The rise of the conscious consumer: why businesses need to open up. [Online] Available at: https://www.theguardian.com/women-in-leadership/2015/apr/02/the-rise-of-the-conscious-consumer-why-businesses-need-to-open-up [Accessed 15 January 2018]. BBC, 2014. About consequentialism. [Online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/consequentialism_1.shtml [Accessed 16 January 2018]. BBC, 2014. About duty-based ethics. [Online] Available at: https://www.bbc.co.uk/ethics/introduction/duty_1.shtml [Accessed 15 January 2018]. Cline, A., 2017. Virtue Ethics: Morality and Character. [Online] Available at: https://www.thoughtco.com/virtue-ethics-morality-and-character-249866 [Accessed 16 January 2018]. Crane, A. Matten, D., 2014. Business Ethics. 4th ed. Oxford University Press. Encyclopdia Britannica, 2017. Deontological ethics. [Online] Available at: https://www.britannica.com/topic/deontological-ethics [Accessed 16 January 2018]. Encyclopedia of Science, Technology, and Ethics, 2005. Rights Theory. [Online] Available at: https://www.encyclopedia.com/science/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/rights-theory [Accessed 16 January 2018]. Ethical Consumer, 2015. Ending forced labour in Uzbekistan. [Online] Available at: https://www.ethicalconsumer.org/commentanalysis/humanrights/uzbekcotton.aspx [Accessed 15 January 2018]. Ferrell, O.C. Hirt, G.A., 2016. Business: A Changing World. McGraw-Hill Publication. HG.org, 2018. What Are Consumer Rights? [Online] Available at: https://www.hg.org/article.asp?id=31356 [Accessed 16 January 2018]. Hill, K., 2012. Facebook Can Tell You If A Person Is Worth Hiring. [Online] Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/kashmirhill/2012/03/05/facebook-can-tell-you-if-a-person-is-worth-hiring/#5f09f70c64ce [Accessed 16 January 2018]. Wells, J., 2015. Is 'organic' really organic? A deep dive into the dirt. [Online] Available at: https://www.cnbc.com/2015/11/04/is-organic-really-organic-a-deep-dive-into-the-dirt.html [Accessed 15 January 2018]. White, S., 2017. Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on the Human Body. [Online] Available at: https://www.livestrong.com/article/533552-about-alcohol-and-stomach-bleeding/ [Accessed 16 January 2018].